Solvents and sludges from ion exchange regeneration (code 19 08 07*) result from restoring the sorption capacity of ion exchange resins used in water treatment and wastewater purification. Regeneration processes involving acids, alkalis, or specialized reagents generate aggressive liquids and residues containing heavy metals, toxic anions, and reactive chemicals.
Hazardous waste management for this category requires precise process control, careful selection of reagents, and effective collection and treatment systems.
Common components of such waste include:
- aggressive solutions with residual acids and alkalis
- sludge saturated with iron, manganese, or heavy metals
- fragments of degraded ion exchange resins
- toxic impurities not removed during regeneration
Hazardous waste handling involves sealed discharge systems, separate storage tanks, and ongoing chemical analysis.
Hazardous waste storage should occur in acid-resistant tanks on impermeable surfaces. Discharge into sewers or open water is strictly prohibited.
Hazardous waste transportation must use sealed and marked containers with dual-layer protection, adhering to hazard classification rules.
Hazardous waste recycling includes neutralization, metal precipitation, separation of fractions, and stabilization of residuals.
Environmental servicing of enterprises using ion exchange systems should include modernization of installations, chemical audits, and application of low-risk reagents.
Main risks of mishandling include:
- acidification of soil or water due to leaks
- formation of secondary toxic compounds
- exposure hazards for workers handling concentrated waste
- long-term contamination of groundwater
Proper processing of hazardous solvents and sludge from ion exchange systems is a critical part of modern ecological management.